08 Sampling Interfaces and Orientations from Raster#

Interfaces can be directly sampled from a digital elevation model or subsurface raster/mesh while orientations have to be sampled from the digital elevation model/raster, the slope for the dipping angle and the aspect for the azimuth.

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Set File Paths and download Tutorial Data#

If you downloaded the latest GemGIS version from the Github repository, append the path so that the package can be imported successfully. Otherwise, it is recommended to install GemGIS via pip install gemgis and import GemGIS using import gemgis as gg. In addition, the file path to the folder where the data is being stored is set. The tutorial data is downloaded using Pooch (https://www.fatiando.org/pooch/latest/index.html) and stored in the specified folder. Use pip install pooch if Pooch is not installed on your system yet.

[1]:

import gemgis as gg

file_path ='data/08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_raster/'

[2]:

gg.download_gemgis_data.download_tutorial_data(filename="08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_raster.zip", dirpath=file_path)

Downloading file '08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_raster.zip' from 'https://rwth-aachen.sciebo.de/s/AfXRsZywYDbUF34/download?path=%2F08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_raster.zip' to 'C:\Users\ale93371\Documents\gemgis\docs\getting_started\tutorial\data\08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_raster'.

Loading raster data#

[3]:

import rasterio

raster = rasterio.open(file_path + 'raster.tif')

[4]:

raster.bounds

[4]:

BoundingBox(left=-4.440892098500626e-16, bottom=1.3642420526593924e-12, right=971.002897605575, top=1068.1031873661339)

Plotting the raster#

[5]:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

im = plt.imshow(raster.read(1), cmap='gist_earth')
plt.grid()
plt.colorbar(im)

[5]:

<matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x2aaf1e504c0>

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_8_1.png

Sampling Interfaces from Raster#

Sampling by lists#

Sampling interfaces from a raster given lists of X and Y coordinates is done using sample_interfaces(..).

[6]:

point_x = [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]
point_y = [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]

gdf = gg.raster.sample_interfaces(raster=raster,
                                  point_x=point_x,
                                  point_y=point_y,
                                  formation='Test',
                                  crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[6]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation
0	100.00	100.00	376.72	POINT (100.00000 100.00000)	Test
1	200.00	200.00	435.22	POINT (200.00000 200.00000)	Test
2	300.00	300.00	505.29	POINT (300.00000 300.00000)	Test
3	400.00	400.00	540.68	POINT (400.00000 400.00000)	Test
4	500.00	500.00	561.65	POINT (500.00000 500.00000)	Test

Plotting the data#

[7]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_12_0.png

Sampling by arrays#

Sampling interfaces from an array given lists of X and Y coordinates.

[8]:

point_x = [100, 200, 300, 400 ,500]
point_y = [100, 200, 300, 400 ,500]

gdf = gg.raster.sample_interfaces(raster=raster.read(1),
                                  point_x=point_x,
                                  point_y=point_y,
                                  extent=[0, 972, 0 ,1069],
                                  formation='Test',
                                  crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[8]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation
0	100.00	100.00	378.80	POINT (100.00000 100.00000)	Test
1	200.00	200.00	435.22	POINT (200.00000 200.00000)	Test
2	300.00	300.00	505.29	POINT (300.00000 300.00000)	Test
3	400.00	400.00	541.74	POINT (400.00000 400.00000)	Test
4	500.00	500.00	562.02	POINT (500.00000 500.00000)	Test

Plotting the data#

[9]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_16_0.png

Sampling Randomly from rasterio object#

Sampling interfaces randomly from a raster.

[10]:

gdf = gg.raster.sample_interfaces(raster=raster,
                                  random_samples=10,
                                  formation='Test',
                                  crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[10]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation
0	199.86	496.09	520.81	POINT (199.85519 496.09330)	Test
1	511.85	763.18	643.24	POINT (511.85172 763.17686)	Test
2	643.35	886.38	620.91	POINT (643.35122 886.37867)	Test
3	965.65	1045.58	620.59	POINT (965.65475 1045.58279)	Test
4	172.10	864.05	602.61	POINT (172.10151 864.05005)	Test
5	744.41	52.90	276.00	POINT (744.40762 52.90476)	Test
6	739.94	823.36	533.44	POINT (739.93577 823.35867)	Test
7	942.70	406.58	414.82	POINT (942.69846 406.58069)	Test
8	420.50	87.25	436.52	POINT (420.50070 87.24755)	Test
9	339.68	264.21	503.23	POINT (339.68451 264.21229)	Test

Plotting the data#

[11]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_20_0.png

Sampling Randomly from Array#

Sampling interfaces randomly from an array.

[12]:

gdf = gg.raster.sample_interfaces(raster=raster.read(1),
                                  random_samples=10,
                                  extent=[0, 972, 0 ,1069],
                                  formation='Test',
                                  crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[12]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation
0	950.27	424.37	426.03	POINT (950.26670 424.37299)	Test
1	205.91	83.67	410.35	POINT (205.90842 83.67224)	Test
2	833.19	424.42	388.64	POINT (833.18890 424.42058)	Test
3	442.79	68.90	427.47	POINT (442.79487 68.90223)	Test
4	333.34	642.61	620.60	POINT (333.33986 642.60911)	Test
5	905.91	585.65	484.48	POINT (905.90705 585.64586)	Test
6	359.39	1025.74	742.35	POINT (359.39233 1025.74463)	Test
7	599.42	936.93	660.12	POINT (599.41731 936.92645)	Test
8	14.28	532.99	417.31	POINT (14.28131 532.98620)	Test
9	177.50	985.25	643.90	POINT (177.49500 985.24662)	Test

Plotting the data#

[13]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_24_0.png

Sampling Orientations from Raster#

Sampling from lists#

Sampling orientations from a raster given lists of X and Y coordinates.

[14]:

point_x = [100, 200, 300, 400 ,500]
point_y = [100, 200, 300, 400 ,500]

gdf = gg.raster.sample_orientations(raster=raster,
                                    point_x=point_x,
                                    point_y=point_y,
                                    formation='Test',
                                    crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[14]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation	dip	azimuth	polarity
0	100.00	100.00	376.72	POINT (100.00000 100.00000)	Test	23.77	255.93	1
1	200.00	200.00	435.22	POINT (200.00000 200.00000)	Test	30.46	239.55	1
2	300.00	300.00	505.29	POINT (300.00000 300.00000)	Test	17.34	222.68	1
3	400.00	400.00	540.68	POINT (400.00000 400.00000)	Test	15.51	178.84	1
4	500.00	500.00	561.65	POINT (500.00000 500.00000)	Test	19.26	145.55	1

Plotting the data#

[15]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_28_0.png

Sampling from arrays#

Sampling orientations from an array given lists of X and Y coordinates.

[16]:

point_x = [100, 200, 300, 400 ,500]
point_y = [100, 200, 300, 400 ,500]

gdf = gg.raster.sample_orientations(raster=raster.read(1),
                                    point_x=point_x,
                                    point_y=point_y,
                                    extent=[0, 972, 0 ,1069],
                                    formation='Test',
                                    crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[16]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation	dip	azimuth	polarity
0	100.00	100.00	378.80	POINT (100.00000 100.00000)	Test	23.75	255.93	1
1	200.00	200.00	435.22	POINT (200.00000 200.00000)	Test	30.44	239.55	1
2	300.00	300.00	505.29	POINT (300.00000 300.00000)	Test	17.32	222.68	1
3	400.00	400.00	541.74	POINT (400.00000 400.00000)	Test	15.50	178.84	1
4	500.00	500.00	562.02	POINT (500.00000 500.00000)	Test	19.24	145.55	1

Sampling randomly from rasterio object#

Sampling orientations randomly from a raster.

[17]:

gdf = gg.raster.sample_orientations(raster=raster,
                                    random_samples=10,
                                    formation='Test',
                                    crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[17]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation	dip	azimuth	polarity
0	770.72	454.44	411.17	POINT (770.72317 454.43623)	Test	35.50	126.05	1
1	98.85	104.73	377.13	POINT (98.85090 104.72719)	Test	24.00	256.35	1
2	439.88	23.92	417.44	POINT (439.88303 23.91500)	Test	15.43	138.91	1
3	444.39	434.85	548.88	POINT (444.39082 434.84986)	Test	16.92	165.67	1
4	642.46	857.77	612.54	POINT (642.45819 857.77092)	Test	33.90	115.23	1
5	668.68	101.45	321.65	POINT (668.68137 101.45438)	Test	34.24	122.96	1
6	833.16	737.23	491.34	POINT (833.16382 737.23242)	Test	3.94	242.61	1
7	137.75	604.27	506.55	POINT (137.75113 604.27271)	Test	39.04	252.36	1
8	249.23	610.05	590.12	POINT (249.22976 610.04522)	Test	30.48	224.83	1
9	799.49	1011.20	581.62	POINT (799.49348 1011.19910)	Test	11.49	170.42	1

Plotting the data#

[18]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_34_0.png

Sample randomly from array#

Sampling orientations randomly from an array.

[19]:

gdf = gg.raster.sample_orientations(raster=raster.read(1),
                                    random_samples=10,
                                    extent=[0, 972, 0 ,1069],
                                    formation='Test',
                                    crs='EPSG:4326')

gdf

[19]:

	X	Y	Z	geometry	formation	dip	azimuth	polarity
0	433.83	627.61	606.19	POINT (433.82765 627.60890)	Test	19.29	144.83	1
1	732.25	1007.74	594.51	POINT (732.25432 1007.73581)	Test	21.30	109.13	1
2	849.26	539.88	444.47	POINT (849.25852 539.87992)	Test	29.99	196.23	1
3	506.54	297.89	499.94	POINT (506.54294 297.89069)	Test	22.06	134.76	1
4	482.80	959.46	715.72	POINT (482.79546 959.45977)	Test	21.73	129.97	1
5	914.62	832.23	543.36	POINT (914.61626 832.23124)	Test	45.25	231.65	1
6	16.88	805.99	447.03	POINT (16.88303 805.98712)	Test	37.63	260.69	1
7	97.01	896.66	534.58	POINT (97.00884 896.65803)	Test	48.06	257.25	1
8	528.77	325.33	500.61	POINT (528.77290 325.33217)	Test	20.33	138.42	1
9	635.98	435.47	500.45	POINT (635.98363 435.47230)	Test	29.20	118.66	1

Plotting the data#

[20]:

gdf.plot(column='Z', cmap='gist_earth', aspect='equal', legend=True)
plt.grid()

../../_images/getting_started_tutorial_08_sampling_interfaces_orientations_from_rasters_38_0.png

GemGIS - Spatial data processing for geomodeling

08 Sampling Interfaces and Orientations from Raster

Contents

08 Sampling Interfaces and Orientations from Raster#

Set File Paths and download Tutorial Data#

Loading raster data#

Plotting the raster#

Sampling Interfaces from Raster#

Sampling by lists#

Plotting the data#

Sampling by arrays#

Plotting the data#

Sampling Randomly from rasterio object#

Plotting the data#

Sampling Randomly from Array#

Plotting the data#

Sampling Orientations from Raster#

Sampling from lists#

Plotting the data#

Sampling from arrays#

Sampling randomly from rasterio object#

Plotting the data#

Sample randomly from array#

Plotting the data#